“Sleep is so critical for fanau wellbeing across all the generations”: Insights from Pacific mothers and caregivers in Aotearoa New Zealand

Abstract

Introduction: Sleep is a fundamental aspect of child development and family wellbeing. Despite sleep recommendations, Māori and Pacific children in Aotearoa New Zealand do not meet the recommended sleep hours. In Pacific cultures, where collectivism and intergenerational support are deeply ingrained, understanding the nuances of sleep practices within the context of family dynamics is essential for promoting optimal child health and family wellbeing. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of sleep in the wellbeing of Pacific families and communities.

Method: This study was guided by the Kakala research approach and talanoa methodology. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, online talanoa sessions were conducted via Zoom with mothers, grandmothers, and caregivers of Pacific children aged three or younger. Between October 2021 to February 2022, 26 participants, including mothers, grandmothers, aunties, and other caregivers, engaged in one of six group talanoa sessions lasting 60-90 minutes each.

Results: The analysis identified five key themes: (1) Sleep is critical for family wellbeing; (2) Establishing sleep routines; (3) Navigating sleep preparation; (4) Challenges; and (5) Culturally responsive approaches. Participants stressed the crucial role of sleep for the wellbeing of parents, caregivers, and the entire family, emphasising the need for consistent sleep routines. Incorporating – or learning to incorporate - traditional and cultural methods, such as lullabies, storytelling, massage, and prayer, into sleep routines was essential. Much of the insights emphasise the significance of sleep not only as a matter of child health but also as a collective responsibility within an intergenerational family unit.

Conclusions: This research emphasises the crucial role of sleep in the wellbeing of Pacific families and communities. It also recognises the significance of sleep not only as a matter of child health but also as a collective responsibility within an intergenerational family unit. Integrating cultural values into sleep routines underscores the necessity for culturally anchored interventions to promote healthy sleep habits.